A gate valve is a gate with an opening and closing element, and its movement direction is perpendicular to the direction of the fluid. The gate valve can only be fully opened and fully closed, and cannot be adjusted or throttled. Gate valves are sealed by the contact between the valve seat and the gate plate. Usually, the sealing surface is welded with metal materials to increase wear resistance, such as 1Cr13, STL6, stainless steel, etc. There are rigid and elastic gate valves, and gate valves are divided into rigid gate valves and elastic gate valves according to the different types of gates.

閘閥的啟閉件是閘板，閘板的運動方向與流體方向相垂直，閘閥只能作全開和全關，不能作調節和節流。閘板有兩個密封面，更常用的模式閘板閥的兩個密封面形成楔形、楔形角隨閥門參數而異，通常為5°，介質溫度不高時為2°52'。楔式閘閥的閘板可以做成一個整體，叫做剛性閘板；也可以做成能產生微量變形的閘板，以改善其工藝性，彌補密封面角度在加工過程中產生的偏差，這種閘板叫做彈性閘板。

The opening and closing component of the gate valve is the gate, and the movement direction of the gate is perpendicular to the direction of the fluid. The gate valve can only be fully opened and fully closed, and cannot be adjusted or throttled. The gate has two sealing surfaces, and the most commonly used mode is that the two sealing surfaces of the gate valve form a wedge shape. The wedge angle varies depending on the valve parameters, usually 5 °, and when the medium temperature is not high, it is 2 ° 52 '. The gate plate of a wedge gate valve can be made into a whole, called a rigid gate plate; It can also be made into a gate that can produce slight deformation to improve its processability and compensate for the deviation of the sealing surface angle during the processing. This type of gate is called an elastic gate.

閘閥關閉時，密封面可以只依靠介質壓力來密封，即依靠介質壓力將閘板的密封面壓向另一側的閥座來保證密封面的密封，這就是自密封。大部分閘閥是采用強制密封的，即閥門關閉時，要依靠外力強行將閘板壓向閥座，以保證密封面的密封性。閘閥的閘板隨閥桿一起作直線運動的，叫升降桿閘閥，亦叫明桿閘閥。通常在升降桿上有梯形螺紋，通過閥門頂端的螺母以及閥體上的導槽，將旋轉運動變為直線運動，也就是將操作轉矩變為操作推力。

When the gate valve is closed, the sealing surface can only rely on medium pressure to seal, that is, relying on medium pressure to press the sealing surface of the gate plate towards the other side of the valve seat to ensure the sealing surface, which is self sealing. Most gate valves use forced sealing, which means that when the valve is closed, external force is used to forcefully press the gate plate towards the valve seat to ensure the sealing surface is sealed. The gate plate of a gate valve moves in a straight line with the valve stem, which is called a rising stem gate valve, also known as a rising stem gate valve. Usually, there is a trapezoidal thread on the lifting rod, which transforms the rotating motion into linear motion through the nut at the top of the valve and the guide groove on the valve body, that is, the operating torque is converted into the operating thrust.

開啟閥門時，當閘板提升高度等于閥門通徑的1：1倍時，流體的通道完全暢通，但在運行時，此位置是無法監視的。實際使用時，是以閥桿的頂點作為標志，即開不動的位置，作為它的全開位置。

When opening the valve, when the lifting height of the gate is equal to 1:1 times the valve diameter, the fluid channel is completely unobstructed, but this position cannot be monitored during operation. In actual use, the vertex of the valve stem is used as the mark, that is, the position that cannot be opened, as its fully open position.

為考慮溫度變化出現鎖死現象，通常在開到頂點位置上，再倒回1/2－1圈，作為全開閥門的位置。因此，閥門的全開位置，按閘板的位置即行程來確定。有的閘閥，閥桿螺母設在閘板上，手輪轉動帶動閥桿轉動，而使閘板提升，這種閥門叫做旋轉桿閘閥，或叫暗桿閘閥。

To consider the phenomenon of lockup due to temperature changes, it is usually done by turning back 1/2 to 1 turn at the top position as the fully open valve position. Therefore, the fully open position of the valve is determined based on the position of the gate, i.e. the stroke. Some gate valves have a stem nut located on the gate, and the handwheel rotates to drive the stem to rotate, causing the gate to lift. This type of valve is called a rotary stem gate valve, or a non rising stem gate valve.

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